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(詳細はHindu–Arabic numeral system is a decimal place-value numeral system that uses a zero glyph as in "205".〔(Hindu-Arabic Numerals )〕 Its glyphs are descended from the Indian Brahmi numerals. The full system emerged by the 8th to 9th centuries, and is first described in Al-Khwarizmi's ''On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals'' (ca. 825), and Al-Kindi's four volume work ''On the Use of the Indian Numerals'' (ca. 830).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Sabbah Al-Kindi )〕 Today the name ''Hindu–Arabic numerals'' is usually used. Evidence of early use of a zero glyph may be present in Bakhshali manuscript, a text of uncertain date, possibly a copy of a text composed as early as the 2nd century BC. ==Decimal System== Historians trace modern numerals in most languages to the Brahmi numerals, which were in used around the middle of the 3rd century BC.〔 The place value system, however, developed later. The Brahmi numerals have been found in inscriptions in caves and on coins in regions near Pune, Mumbai, and Uttar Pradesh. These numerals (with slight variations) were in use over quite a long time span up to the 4th century.〔 〕 During the Gupta period (early 4th century to the late 6th century), the Gupta numerals developed from the Brahmi numerals and were spread over large areas by the Gupta empire as they conquered territory.〔 Beginning around 7th century, the Gupta numerals developed into the Nagari numerals. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Hindu–Arabic numeral system」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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